Ko e Mo‘ungafi, Puna/Vela, mo e Peau Kula Featured
Kōlomu ‘Ilo/Poto, Fonua/Kalatua, mo e Tala/Lea
Knowledge, Culture, and Language Column
Oku tala ‘ehe kau saienitisi moe kau sioloki ‘oku kau a Tonga he Mama ‘oe Afi (Ring of Fire), ‘aia ‘oku toe ‘iloa koe Pacific Ring of Fire, Rim of Fire, Girdle of Fire, moe Circum-Pacific Belt. ‘Oku ‘uhinga kotoa ‘ae ngaahi hingoa ni kihe Fuo/uhopotopoto (mo Fuo/uhololoa) ‘oe Afi, ‘o hangē pē koe mama (ring) ‘oku tui he ‘uluʻulutuhu/nima.
‘Oku tu‘otu‘otatau ‘eni moe vesa ‘oku tui he nima moe va‘e ‘o hangē koe vesa uasi he faiva teuteu moe vesa pa‘anga he faiva kailao, pea moe no‘o (girdle) ‘oku ne ha‘i ‘ae tupenu he kongaloto he faiva teuteu, pea pehē foki ki he fuʻu kupenga uloa ʻi he faiva toutai ika. ‘Oku nau hangē kotoa koe mama (ring) ‘oku tui he ‘ulu‘ulutuhu he faiva teuteu
‘Oku toe ‘iloa kotoa ‘eni koe Sū Hoosi (Horseshoe) (pē Topuva‘e Hoosi [Horse‘s Hoof]) koe lea heliaki kihe fuo/uhopotopoto mo fuo/uhololoa ‘ae fuo moe uho ‘oe Mama ‘oe Afi (Ring, Circle, Girdle, or Belt of Fire). ‘Oku mate kotoa ‘eni kihe Mata/Ava Afi (Eye/ Hole of Fire), ‘aia koe uhouhonga (moe fuofuonga) ia ‘oe ivi (energy) koe me‘a (matter) moe mālohi (force), ‘o hangē koe Mata/Ava ‘oe Afi.
‘Oku kamata ‘ae Mama ‘oe Afi ‘i tonga (lalo) ‘i ‘Aoteroa Nu‘usila ‘o hake ki tokelau (‘olunga) ki Tonga, ‘o hema fakatokelau hihifo ki ‘Initonēsia, ‘o hake matafonua/matātahi fakatokelau ki ‘olunga ‘i ‘Ēsia fou atu ‘i Siapani ki tokelau ki ‘Amelika tokelau fakahahake, ‘o hifo matafonua/matātahi ki loto ‘i ‘Amelika lotoloto ki lalo ‘i ‘Amelika tonga.
‘Oku hanga ‘ehe Mama ‘oe Afi ko ‘eni ‘o takai mo vilo fakafuo/uhopotopoto mo fuo/uhololoa ‘ae kotoa ‘o Moana ʻŌsēnia (na‘e toki toe fakahingoa ‘ehe kau kaivai muli koe “Pasifiki” ‘o ma‘uhala tokua koe potutaihi “nonga”).
‘Oku ma‘u mo lau ‘ehe kau saienitisi moe kau sioloki ‘o tu‘unga he tā-vā fakasioloki ‘oku hoko fakaofi/faka‘avalisi afe‘ita‘u pē fakata‘utahaafe (1,000) ‘ae puna mo vela ‘ae mo‘ungafi ‘i Tonga. ‘Oku taku na‘e hoko ‘ae vela he 200 ta‘u (AD 200) moe 1100 ta‘u (AD 1100) pea toki toe hoko ko ‘eni he 2021/2022 ta‘u (AD 2021/2022).
‘Oku nau taku ‘oku fa‘u‘aki ‘ae Mama ‘oe Afi ‘ae ngaahi peleti pē laupapa/laumaka ‘oku vaka mai ai ‘ae ivi he‘enau fe‘unuaki mo fehekeaki he funga ‘enau fefusiaki moe fetekeaki ‘o tupu ai ‘enau mafesifesi/ mafasifasi.
‘Oku hoko ‘eni ke liliu ‘ae maka koe afi ‘oku toe vaka mai ai ‘ae ivi. ‘Oku tupu he feʻohofaki he fetekeaki moe fefusiaki ‘ae ivi ‘ae mofuike (ngalulu mo ‘u‘ulu) moe vela ‘ae mo‘ungaafi he “puna” ‘ae makaafi/ papaafi.
‘Oku vela ‘ae afi ‘o puho mo ulo kae ngāue‘aki ‘ae “puna” koe heliaki fakafetongiaki kihe “puna” ‘ae afi koe makaafi he ‘ene puhi ki ‘olunga mo lalo mo tafa‘aki mo tafa‘aki. ‘Oku ngāue‘aki ‘ae “puna” koe heliaki ‘o hangē koe manupuna moe vakapuna he‘ena faikakau.
‘Oku liliu leva ‘ae ivi mei he vaka koe afi (moe maama [light] moe ongo [sound]) ‘oku fakamata/ fakaava kihe vaka koe ʻuhila (lightning) moe ongo pahū (sonic boom), pea mei ai ki he vaka koe fuʻofuʻanga/fōfōʻanga (pumice), ʻaia ʻoku ʻuha fuʻofuʻanga/fōfōʻanga (ʻuha maka) leva e fungafonua, pea fakamulituku kihe vaka koe vai moe tahi (fluid) ʻaia koe peau moe ngalu (waves) ‘oku fakamata/ fakaava.
‘Oku ‘uhinga ‘ae fakamata/ fakaava kihe vilo mo takai pē vilotakai ‘ae ivi koe uhouhonga/ fuofuonga ‘oe mālohi he‘ene fe‘unuaki/ fehekeaki mo fetekeaki/ fefusiaki. Ko ia ai, ʻoku heka mai ʻa e ivi mei he vaka (medium) ʻe taha ʻo hifo mei ai ʻo toe heka hake he vaka (medium) ʻe taha.
Ko e ivi ʻoku hiki mei he vaka (medium) kihe vaka (medium); pe ko e hikihiki vaka pē. Ko e ʻū vaka ʻoku kehekehe ʻae oma honau tā-vā (time-space), ʻo vave mai ʻa e vaka ko e maama (light) moe ʻuhila (lightning) kae tuai mai ʻa e vaka (medium) ko e vai moe tahi (fluid).
‘Oku hanga ‘ehe fakakaukau moe fakaongo fakatāvā fakaTonga ‘o vahevahe ‘ae ivi kihe Ivi Kula (Red Energy) moe Ivi ‘Uli (Black Energy). ‘Oku ui ‘ene malele mei he Kula kihe ‘Uli koe Ivi ‘Uli kae Ivi Kula he ‘ene malele mei he ‘Uli kihe Kula. ‘Oku tefito heni hono ui ‘ae fa‘ahinga ngalu/ peau ko ‘eni koe Peau/ Ngalu Kula (Red Wave).
‘Oku ‘uhinga tefito hono ui koe Peau/Ngalu Kula mei he liliu ‘ae ‘ae ivi mei he ‘ulilōlō (pō/ pō‘uli) ‘oe uho ‘oe mo‘ungaafi moe moana‘uli‘uli kihe uloulo/‘aho‘aho ‘ae kula (pē maama ‘oe ‘aho) ‘oe fukahitahi. ‘Oku ‘ikai ‘uhinga ‘ae Peau/Ngalu Kula (Red Wave) ‘oku kula/ kulokula ‘ae peau/ ngalu.
‘Oku toe ‘iloa ‘ae Peau Kula (Red wave) koe Peau Ta‘ane pē Peau Tangata (Male Wave) moe Peau Tāmate (Killer Wave) ‘o ‘uhinga lahi ki hono fu‘ufu‘ungaivi moe fu‘ufu‘ungamālohi. ‘Oku ngāue‘aki ‘ae peau/ngalu moe matangi/ avangi ‘ehe faiva fānifo ‘aia ‘oku faiva he mata/ ava mei he peau/ngalu fasi kihe ngalu tuku/fasi tuku he toka‘one kae lau ‘ae kai.
‘Oku mālie mo loloto ange ‘ae ‘uhinga fakaTonga (mo fakaMoana ‘Ōsēnia kau ai ‘a Fisi mo Ha‘amoa) ‘oe peau kula (red wave) he ‘uhinga fakasaienisi ‘oe “tidal and seismic sea waves” moe fakaSiapani koe tsunami harbour waves. ‘Oku ‘ikai tupu ‘ae peau kula mei he hu‘a-moe-mamaha ‘ae tahi he fakasaienisi pē hake pē he taulanga he faka Siapani.
Tau toki hoko atu.
Tavakefai‘ana, Sēmisi Fetokai Kulīha‘apai Moahehengi‘ovava'ulahi Potauaine, Unitec Institute of Technology & Vava‘u Academy for Critical Inquiry and Applied Research
Pālōfesa Maui-TāVā-He-Ako Dr Tēvita O. Kaili, Brigham Young University Hawa‘i & Vava‘u Academy for Critical Inquiry and Applied Research
Palōfesa Hūfanga-He-Ako-Moe-Lotu Dr ‘Ōkusitino Māhina, Vava‘u Academy for Critical Inquiry and Applied Research & Lagi-Maama Academy and Consultancy
1 comment
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Tavakefaiana, Professor Maui-TāVā-He-Ako, and Professor Hūfanga-He-Ako-Moe-Lotu Wednesday, 09 March 2022 11:38 Comment LinkLike all things in reality (as in nature, mind, and society), there are two ways of knowing a so-called "tsunami" (in Japanese, tidal seismic sea waves in science, and "peaukula"(redwave) in Tongan), viz., the Indigenous (Tongan/ Moanan Oceanian) and scientific (and Western) ways. Both "ways of knowing," i.e., "reality as we know it" (or epistemology) are largely two comparable sets of knowledge of the "ways reality" (i.e., "nature, mind, and society", i.e., "reality as it is" (or ontology) generally which is inclusive of "tsunami" specifically.
Both sets of knowledge, viz., the Indigenous philosophical and scientific knowledge, are largely commonly acquired through observation, experimentation, and verification through experience. Their rates of production vary, chiefly demarcated by various technological means/ techniques, as well as longer and slower and shorter and faster durations/ paces/ times-spaces respectively.
From a Tongan (and Moanan Oceanian) tāvāist Indigenous/ philosophical view (which is parallel to a [Western] scientific/ philosophical view), it takes 'iai (reality) tā-vā (time-space) and tā-vā (time-space) as me'a (matter) and me'a (matter) as ivi (energy).
By extension ivi (energy), like 'iai (reality), tā-vā (time-space), and me'a (matter), is principally divided into two types, viz., ivi kula (red energy) (or, for that matter, mata kula [red eye] and ava kula [red hole] and ivi 'uli [black energy]) (or, for that reason, mata 'uli [black eye] and ava 'uli [black hole]).
This unique species of waves as a specific text is so-named in this general context, hence the name "peaukula" (redwave). It invokes and evokes an imagery of a constant movement of ivi (energy) from 'uli (black) to kula (red), i.e., a constant transformation from the 'uli (blackness/ darkness) of the core of the volcanoes (and seabed) to the kula (redness/ lightness) of the earth's surface above the waves.
By virtue of the sheer power and naked force of this specific species of peau/ ngalu (sea waves), peaukula (redwaves) are also variously known as peau tangata/ peau ta'ane (male waves) and peau tāmate (killer waves).
From an Indigenous Tongan (and Moanan Oceanian) tāvāist philosophical view, it advances a stance that ivi (energy) cannot be created nor destroyed but it can only travel in one vaka (vessel/ vehicle/ medium) to another. Such vaka (vessels/ vehicles/ mediums) are inclusive of afi (fire); vela (heat); maama (light); ongo (sound); makavela/ makaafi (molten rocks/ lava); peau/ ngalu (waves); and matangi/ avangi (winds) amidst many others.
Similarly, from a scientific/ philosophical view, it takes a position that energy cannot be created nor destroyed but it can only be transformed from one form (and content, our addition) to another -- as in such forms (and contents) fire, heat, light, sound, molten rocks/ lava; waves, and winds and many more.
As for the matter of "peaukula" (redwave) drills, it quite simply means a critically sound merging of the two sets of knowledge, in both their individuality and totality. That is, a successful drill and, by the same token, real-life experience/ event, is dependent on real knowledge, i.e., on both knowledge production and knowledge application (or skills).
This means soundly bringing "model," "modelled," and "modelling" together with rigour to a common meeting point, i.e., intersection or connection and separation symmetrically mediated through sustained harmony, beauty, and utility.
Malo,
Tavakefai'ana, Professor Maui-TāVā-He-Ako, and Professor Hūfanga-He-Ako-Moe-Lotu