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Na'e Tū'uta Fēfē Mahaki Tu'ufonua “Zika” ‘i he Ngaahi ‘Otu Motu Pasifikí? Featured

Sione Akemeihakau Mokofisi Sione Akemeihakau Mokofisi

Na'e Tū'uta Fēfē Mahaki Tu'ufonua “Zika” ‘i he Ngaahi ‘Otu Motu Pasifikí?
Totofa ‘o Nuku'alofa…Volume 3. No. 2. Fepueli 22, 2016
Fa’utohi ‘a Sione A. Mokofisi

Na'e anga fēfē ‘a e tū'uta mai ‘a e mahaki Zika vailasi (ZIKV) ki he Pasifikí, ‘o a’u mai eni ki Tongá ni? Ko e toko 19 eni kuo faka-papau’i mei he kau talatala mahaki ‘e toko 900; mahiki hake mei he kau talatala mahaki ‘e 265 uike ‘e ua (2) kuo ‘osí; kau ai mo e fa'ē ‘e toko tolu (3) kuo nau tu’itu’ia; ’o fakahā kuo tō e mahaki tu'ufonua ni ‘i Tongá.

Ko e faka-matala ia ’a e Potungāue Mo'uí, Dr. Reynold ‘Ofanoa. Ka na'e fou mai mei fe'ia? Pea na'e ‘omai ‘e hai ‘a e mahakí ni? Ko e ngaahi fehu'i ia ‘oku te'eki ai veteki ‘e he kau mataotao mo'ui leleí. ‘Oku mahalo'i pē ko e tokotaha na'e ha'u, pe na’e fou mai, ‘i he ngaahi ‘otu motu kuo tō ai ‘a e ZIKV, pea kuo huhu ‘e he fanga namu ‘o Tongá ni ‘o faka-mafola ‘i he fonuá kotoa.

Pea ‘oku lolotonga tāfu’ua ai e kau saienisi mo e kau toketā ‘o e WHO (World Health Organization) ‘i he Pule’anga Fakatahataha ‘o Māmaní (UN). Ko Dr. David L. Heymann, sea ‘o e WHO ki he Kōmiti Faka-fokifā ‘o e ZIKV, pea mo Dr. Margaret Chan ko e Talēkita Lahi ‘o e WHO, na’a na faka-matala ki he kau faiongoongó ‘i Geneva, Switzerland, ‘i he ‘aho 01 Fēpueli, 2016.

Pea na’e pulusi ‘e he The New York Times, mo e Associated Press, pea faka-papau’i ‘e he makasini Pilitānia ko e The Economist na’e kau ki ai ‘a e faka-totolo ki he kōlomú ni. Ko e ZIKV ‘oku faka-mafola ia ‘e he fanga namu (Aedes aegypti; Aedes albopictus) ‘o e ngaahi fonua māfaná ‘i he talopiki (Lat’ 23.26’ tokelau mo e tonga ‘o e ‘Ikuetá), vaha’a ‘o e “tropics of Cancer” mo e “tropics of Capricorn” ‘o e ‘Ikuetá.

Pea ‘oku fk-tu'utāmakí ki he ngaahi fa'ē mo ‘enau ngaahi pēpē te'eki fanau'i ‘i he mahaki ko e “maikolōsefeli” (microcephaly). Kuo fanauii mai ‘a e pēpē ‘oku fōsiii hono ‘ulú, pea kuo maumau ‘o ‘ikai faka-tupu haohaoa hono ‘atamaí.

Na'e Fou Mai ‘a e Vailasí Zika Mei Fe'ia?

Kuo fk-mahalo’i (hypothesize) ‘e he kau mataotao ‘o e WHO ’oku fetu'utaki ‘a e mahaki ZIKV mo e maikolōsefelí. Ka ‘oku te'eki ai faka-papau'i pe ko e fetu'utaki feohi (correlation), pe ko e fetu'utaki faka-tupu (direct cause and effect) ‘e he ZIKV ‘a e maikolōsefeli. Ko e mafola lahitaha ‘a e ZIKV ‘i māmaní kuo hoko ia ‘i Brazil, pea kuo lahi ai mo e ‘iloa ‘o e maikolōsefelí.

Na’e fuoloa e e'a ‘a e mahakí ni ‘i hono fua ‘ilo fo'ou ’i he 1947 ‘a ia ko e ta’u eni ‘e 68 mo e te’eki aipē fekumi ‘a e WHO ke hu'i ha faito’o huhu ke ta'ofi ‘aki ‘ene mafolá. ‘I he faka-totolo ‘a e kau siaenisí ki he mofi-engeengá ‘i he vaotā ‘i Zika, Uganda, na’a nau faka-‘aonga’i ‘a e fanga ngeli ‘oku ui ko e “Rhesus” ke tauhele’i e fanga namu (Aedes) kenau huhu e fanga ngelí. Ka ‘i hono sivi’i ‘o e toto ‘o e fanga ngelí na’e ‘asi ‘a e vailasi fo'ou, pea nau faka-hingoa ko e “Zika”, ‘oku ui faka-saienisi ko e ZIKV.

Ka na'e toki mahiki ‘a e ZIKV mei he pule’anga ‘o e fanga-monumanú (animal kingdom) ki he fa'ahinga ‘o e tangatá ‘i he 1952 ‘i Uganda pē, pea mo e Lipapuliki Faka-tahataha ‘o Tanzania, ‘Afilika. ‘I he faka-matala ‘a e kau mataotao ‘a e WHO, na'e te'eki ai tō ‘o mafola fk-tu'utāmaki ‘i māmani ‘o a'u mai ki he 2007.

‘Osi ia e ta'u ‘e 50, ko e kau puke pē ‘e toko 14 ‘o e ZIKV ne ‘iloa ‘i māmani. Pea ‘i he 2007, na’e puke ‘a e toko 50 ‘i Filipaini. ‘Oku faka-mahalo'i na'e ‘ohake ‘e he kau fefolau'aki mei ‘Afilika ki Filipaini, ‘o huhu ai ‘e ha namu “Aedes” ‘o toki huhu ki he kau Filipinó. Ka e faka-misiteli ‘a ‘ene tō faka-fokifā maile ‘e 800 (1,287.5 km) ki he hahaké ‘i he ‘otu motu Micronesia, ko Yap.

Pea hili mei ai ‘a e ta'u ‘e ono (6), pea tō lahi ’i Tahiti ‘i he 2013. Ne mafola ai ki Lalotonga, Rapanui, mo e ngaahi vahe-fonua ‘o Falanisē ‘i he Pasifikí. ‘Oku faka-mahalo'i na’e ‘ave ‘a e ZIKV ki Brazil ‘e he kau va'inga soka ‘a Tahiti ‘i he 2013.

‘Ikai Ha Faito'o Ta'ofi ‘Aki ZIKV

Pea kuo a'u ‘a e mafola ‘o e ZIKV ko e mahaki tu'ufonua ‘i Brazil ‘o a'u ki he toko 1.5 miliona kuo nau puke ai; na'e a'u ki he toko 3,935 ‘o e fānau ne fanau'i mai mo e mahaki maikolōsefelí. Na'e a'u ‘o 60% ‘o e kakaí ‘o e tokolahi ‘o Tahití na’a nau puke ‘i he ZIKV, ka ko e fā'ele pe ‘e toko 42 na'e ma'u ‘e he kalasi mahaki ‘e taha ko e Guillain-Barre. ‘Oku kāingataha ‘a e Guillain-Barre mo e maikolōsefelí.

Ne fakahā mai ‘e he kau ngāue o'ui lelei ‘a Tahiti na'a nau ngāue'aki ‘a e faito'o ki he “dengue” mo e "chikungunya". ‘I he faka-matala ‘a Dr. Cao-Lormeau mo hono kaungā ngāue ‘i he sēnolo Clinical Microbiology and Infection:

“Ko hono ‘ohofi ‘e he ZIKV ‘a e kau tau malu'i ‘o e sinó, kau ai e ngaahi neave, ‘o hoko ai ‘a e mamatea ‘a e uouá ‘o liunga 20 hono ngaahi langa mo e mamahí.”

Ka ‘oku te'eki ai foki ke ‘i ai ha faito'o malu'i ke ta'ofi'aki ‘a e mahakí ni. Pea ‘oku ‘i ai e faka-anga'i ‘o e kau ngāue ‘a e WHO ko e te’eki ai ma'u ha faito'o ke huhu-ta'ofi ‘aki ‘a e ZIKV. Ko e mahinotahá pe ko e faka-‘ehi'ehi mei he huhu ‘a e fanga namú. ‘Uluakitahá pe, ko e faka'auha e lata’anga fanau ‘a e fanga namú.

Hoko ki ai ke tui e ngaahi vala nima-lōloa, talausese lōloa, pea faka-‘conga'i ‘a e milimili moe “spray” ta’ofi-namú, pea mohe ‘i he mohenga tainamu. ‘Oku toe faka-tokanga foki ki he kakai fefiné ke ta’ofi ‘enau mohe mo ha tangata kuo ‘osi huhu ‘ehe namú. Ka ‘oku faingata'a ke ta'ofi ia, he ‘oku 70% ‘a e feitama ta'e palani ‘i he Pasifikí. Tukukehe ‘o ka mavahe ‘a e fefine kuo tu'itu'iá ki ha fonua ‘oku si'isi'i ai ‘a e fanga namu “Aedes”.

(Ko e taukei fa’utohi ‘iloa ‘a Sione A. Mokofisi ‘i he mītia Tongá mo ‘Amelika foki. ‘Oku lolotonga Talēkita English-Journalism & Business Management ‘i he Tonga International Academy, Havelu, Tongatapu. Na'e kamata 'ene manako fa'utohi 'i Liahona High School, pea hokoatu 'o 'ētita 'i he nusipepa 'a e BYU-Hawaii; ma'u BS Electronics Communications; Travel Industry Management Diploma; mo e lēsoni si'i 'i he Mass Communications, pea moe ngaahi pulusi kehekehe. Kuo ma'u MBA mei he University of Phoenix-Arizona. E-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.)

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