“ Oku pehee Burcham (2012, pg 165) koe curruption oku fakafotunga mai ia ihe mea e 2 ai koe identity o e tokotaha Tonga(language) pe toonga fai(practice) pea mei ai leva te tau sio leva kihe corruption i Tonga mei he ngaahi makatuliki(perspectives) ko eni.
1. Corruption over time.
a) Nae hoko pe ia talu pe mei he Puleanga o Tupou 1(O hange koia ko hono vahevahe o e nofo a sosaieti Tonga:TUI,HOUEIKI,KAKAI).I hono fknounou oku ui e fanau a haa mea vale(KAKAI) koe uhiki o fai tatau moe fanau ae fanga monumanu hufanga he fkatapu.Pea faai mai ai o au ki mui ni mai.(Koe mate ae Poate Mataka,Ashika moe Tutu o Nukualofa moe ha fua)
b) Nae toki ki mui ni mai pe a e pani ae kakai tu'aa ihe lakanga Palemia aia koe (98% ki olunga) talu mei he uluaki 4 ki mui ni mai ne nofo pe Palemia ia moe kau minisita ihe levolo e 2 koe oe tapatolu nofo faka Tongaa.Aia leva te tau pehe koe uhinga pe koe kinautolu pe ae kakai qualify feunga kihe lakanga ni pe koe fakatata mooni ia oe CRONGISM
Koe kihii momo pe eni oku ou tui ke fai ha sio ki ai kae hange ko eku lau ki mua.Nae felihaa e corruption ki mua pea e holo ia(minimized) i haa tau ngaunu ke toe fakatemokalati ange.Koe evident lelei taha pe ketau vakai kiai Oku alu ke toe malohi ange mo toe manakoa ange ae ngaunu ae PTOA(neongo e ngaahi uuni fkheleleu oku osi tau mataa tonu kiai).Oku tui e kakai tokolahi(majority) koe Constitutional Monarchy koe toitoianga ia oe kau faihala ihe fonua ni.Aia ko hono ai mahino oku fkha mai he ola oe ngaahi fili he ngaahi term ki mui ni mai oku tui e majority oe kau voter kuo pau ke tau vete ae foi fakapona mei he faunga pule(macro-level) kae lava ke maanu ae soaieti moe famili takitaha(micro-leve)
The report on Tonga found that people can ‘hide behind the culture’ because
there were no authoritative guidelines to ‘distinguish between cultural practice
and corruption’ (James & Tufui, 2004, p. 5)
Oku lelei aupito e fau paati kihe competitive ange oe ngaue lelei moe toe taliui angee.ai e ngaue.Ka oku ikai ke fkpapaui mai ia koe lahi ange ha kakai poto i ha Paati pe koha kakai Poto oku nau kanititeiti pea te tau pehe koe outcome e sai.IKAI.Koe politiki ia oku fiemau e critical thinking,analytical skills, leadership skills, consistent endurance moe great vision.Kuo osiosi PHD e kakai kuo nau osi i falealea ka nae fktatau pe kihe foi 0 enau outcomes ”